glaucoma: Increased pressure in the eyeball due to obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor.
Endpoint definition
↥Report an error or suggest an improvement for this endpoint codes
Endpoint definition steps |
FinnGen |
|---|---|
Phenotype data |
557745 |
1. Apply sex-specific ruleNone |
557745 |
2. Check conditionsNone |
557745 |
3. Check pre-conditions, main-only, mode, registry filtersRegistry filters:
2 out of 7 registries used, show all original rules. |
135 |
4. Check minimum number of eventsNone |
135 |
5. Include endpointsNone |
135 |
6. Filter based on genotype QC (FinnGen only) |
120 |
Control definitions (FinnGen only)
- Control exclude
- H7_GLAUCOMA
Extra metadata
- Level in the ICD hierarchy
- 3
- First used in FinnGen datafreeze
- DF2
- Parent code in ICD-10
- H40
- Name in latin
- Glaucoma ex usu medicamenti
Similar endpoints
↥List of similar endpoints to
Glaucoma secondary to drugs
based on the number of shared cases.
Similar with more cases:
- Glaucoma
- Diseases of the eye and adnexa
- Any operation in hilmo
- Any prescribed medicine buy
- Any event in hilmo or specialist outpatient
Similar with less cases:
None
Case counts by codes
↥
Summary Statistics
↥-FinRegistry-
Key figures
| All | Female | Male | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of individuals | |||
| Whole population | 667 | 340 | 320 |
| Only index persons | 593 | 307 | 286 |
| Unadjusted period prevalence (%) | |||
| Whole population | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Only index persons | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Median age at first event (years) | |||
| Whole population | 54.35 | 54.38 | 54.37 |
| Only index persons | 52.80 | 52.63 | 52.98 |
-FinnGen-
Key figures
| All | Female | Male | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of individuals | 120 | 57 | 63 |
| Unadjusted period prevalence (%) | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 |
| Median age at first event (years) | 54.20 | 51.07 | 57.03 |
-FinRegistry-
Age distribution of first events
-FinnGen-
Age distribution of first events
-FinRegistry-
Year distribution of first events
-FinnGen-
Year distribution of first events
-FinRegistry-
Cumulative Incidence Function
-FinnGen-
Cumulative Incidence Function
No data
CodeWAS
↥CodeWAS is a tool for exploring the associations between an endpoint and all of the medical codes and drug codes.
This is a new tool, please reach out using the contact form for feedback and improvement ideas.
First, a cohort is built by matching controls to the endpoint cases using year of birth and sex. Then, a Fisher test is done for all the medical codes and drug codes between the cases and controls of this cohort. Codes are reported in the table below if they have −log10(p-value) ≥ 6.
Matched cohort
- Matched cases
- 123
- Matched controls
- 1230
Code
Vocabulary
Description
Odds Ratio
-log10(p)
N matched cases
N matched controls
S01ED51
ATC
timolol, combinations; ophthalmic
174.5
160.5
84
15
H40.6
ICD-10 Finland
Glaucoma secondary to drugs
+∞
147.2
110
*
S01EE01
ATC
latanoprost; ophthalmic
70.9
84.1
48
11
114
Kela drug reimbursment
Glaucoma
324.3
82.9
76
6
H20.0
ICD-10 Finland
Acute and subacute iridocyclitis
33.7
62.5
44
20
S01ED01
ATC
timolol; ophthalmic
155.1
47.9
48
5
H40.0
ICD-10 Finland
Glaucoma suspect
110.7
46.1
48
7
XCW99
NOMESCO Finland
Other investigative procedure of eye
14.6
45.0
51
57
H40.5
ICD-10 Finland
Glaucoma secondary to other eye disorders
+∞
42.1
38
*
Z96.1
ICD-10 Finland
Presence of intraocular lens
12.3
42.1
56
78
S01EA05
ATC
brimonidine; ophthalmic
488.9
37.1
35
*
H20.1
ICD-10 Finland
Chronic iridocyclitis
411.6
32.5
31
*
S01EC01
ATC
acetazolamide; systemic
66.3
30.3
34
7
S01EC04
ATC
brinzolamide; ophthalmic
136.7
30.2
31
*
202
Kela drug reimbursment
Connective tissue diseases, rheumatoid arthritis and comparable disease
8.8
29.3
48
83
S01EE05
ATC
tafluprost; ophthalmic
179.3
27.9
28
*
Z01.0
ICD-10 Finland
Examination of eyes and vision
7.4
26.8
57
129
H40.13
ICD-10 Finland
Chronic glaucoma with open ventricular angle
326.2
26.8
26
*
L04AX03
ATC
methotrexate; systemic
7.6
22.8
40
73
A07EC01
ATC
sulfasalazine; oral, rectal
9.5
22.8
31
42
CK2X4
NOMESCO Finland
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of ocular fundus
7.3
20.2
36
66
XCK00
NOMESCO Finland
Perimetry
22.2
19.4
28
16
S01EC54
ATC
brinzolamide, combinations; ophthalmic
208.8
18.0
18
*
S01BA07
ATC
fluorometholone; ophthalmic
50.0
17.9
21
5
S01BA01
ATC
dexamethasone; ophthalmic
17.7
17.9
28
20
CJB10
NOMESCO Finland
Laser discission of secondary cataract
8.2
17.8
27
41
S01BA04
ATC
prednisolone; ophthalmic
37.8
17.7
22
7
S01XA20
ATC
artificial tears and other indifferent preparations; ophthalmic
5.1
17.6
81
336
S01EX03, ,
ATC
+∞
17.1
16
*
CJE20
NOMESCO Finland
Phakoemulsification with implantation of artificial lens in posterior chamber
4.8
17.1
64
225
H40.4
ICD-10 Finland
Glaucoma secondary to eye inflammation
+∞
16.0
15
*
H26.3
ICD-10 Finland
Drug-induced cataract
182.2
15.9
16
*
NK4XE
NOMESCO Finland
Joint ultrasound examination not elsewhere classified
8.1
15.4
23
34
CS444
NOMESCO Finland
Visual field testing with Octopus automated perimetry
29.5
15.2
20
8
S01CA01
ATC
dexamethasone and antiinfectives; ophthalmic
4.4
15.0
65
250
3653A
ICD-9 Finland
Glaucoma, Corticosteroid-induced glaucoma
+∞
14.9
14
*
S01EC03
ATC
dorzolamide; ophthalmic
+∞
14.9
14
*
CS1H4
NOMESCO Finland
Retinal nerve fibre layer imaging
+∞
14.9
14
*
S01EA03
ATC
apraclonidine; ophthalmic
169.3
14.8
15
*
XCK10
NOMESCO Finland
Photography of fundus of eye
6.4
14.7
28
54
L04AX01
ATC
azathioprine; systemic
18.8
14.6
22
14
S01CA02
ATC
prednisolone and antiinfectives; ophthalmic
156.6
13.7
14
*
S01EE03
ATC
bimatoprost; ophthalmic
156.6
13.7
14
*
WX140
NOMESCO Finland
Parabulbar anesthesy
12.1
13.2
24
24
H26.4
ICD-10 Finland
After-cataract
6.3
13.1
25
48
H40.9
ICD-10 Finland
Glaucoma, unspecified
+∞
12.7
12
*
CKD05
NOMESCO Finland
Puncture of vitreous body with injection of medication
13.1
12.7
22
20
H04.10
ICD-10 Finland
Dry eye syndrome
4.9
12.0
32
83
WX006
NOMESCO Finland
Intravenous sedation or analgesia without general anesthesia
6.6
11.9
21
37
S01EE04
ATC
travoprost; ophthalmic
72.0
11.8
13
*
CS494
NOMESCO Finland
Other visual field testing
72.0
11.8
13
*
CHD05
NOMESCO Finland
Selective lasertrabeculoplasty
131.8
11.6
12
*
WX100
NOMESCO Finland
Conjunctival surface anesthesia
5.0
11.4
29
72
TNX10
NOMESCO Finland
Arthrocentesis, unspecified region, unspecified region
6.0
11.3
22
43
CHD50
NOMESCO Finland
Shunt operation on anterior chamber
+∞
10.6
10
*
CK2S4
NOMESCO Finland
Plain photography of ocular fundus
8.7
10.3
22
30
313
Kela drug reimbursment
Abatacept, adalimumab, anakinra, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab, infliximab, ixekizumab, sarilumab, secukinumab, tocilizumab and ustekinumab (rheumatoid diseases)
12.2
10.2
18
17
L01BA01
ATC
methotrexate; systemic
11.5
9.9
18
18
S01ED02
ATC
betaxolol; ophthalmic
+∞
9.5
9
*
S01FA02
ATC
scopolamine; ophthalmic
39.9
9.2
11
*
H02AB06
ATC
prednisolone; systemic
3.2
8.8
78
434
S01FA04
ATC
cyclopentolate; ophthalmic
29.9
8.6
11
*
CHD65
NOMESCO Finland
Nonpenetrating glaucoma surgery
+∞
8.4
8
*
H26.2
ICD-10 Finland
Complicated cataract
23.9
8.2
11
5
A12AX
ATC
Calcium, combinations with vitamin D and/or other drugs
3.0
8.0
56
270
281
Kela drug reimbursment
Abatacept, adalimumab, anakinra, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab, infliximab, ixekizumab, sarilumab, secukinumab and tocilizumab
9.9
7.8
15
17
L04AB04
ATC
adalimumab; parenteral
11.9
7.5
13
12
M05.8
ICD-10 Finland
Other seropositive rheumatoid arthritis
5.0
7.4
17
38
S01EA02
ATC
dipivefrine; ophthalmic
+∞
7.4
7
*
S01BC03
ATC
diclofenac; ophthalmic
18.0
6.9
10
6
H10.3
ICD-10 Finland
Acute conjunctivitis, unspecified
3.9
6.8
22
65
H20.9
ICD-10 Finland
Iridocyclitis, unspecified
24.1
6.8
9
*
H02AB07
ATC
prednisone; oral
3.7
6.7
24
76
D07XC01
ATC
betamethasone; topical
3.6
6.6
25
82
H25.1
ICD-10 Finland
Senile nuclear cataract
2.9
6.6
41
182
XCH05
NOMESCO Finland
Eye pressure longterm registration
73.5
6.5
7
*
XCH00
NOMESCO Finland
Eye pressure measurement
7.7
6.4
14
20
CS5Z4
NOMESCO Finland
Specialised imaging for glaucoma
19.2
6.4
9
5
XCW10
NOMESCO Finland
Assessment of vision
28.3
6.3
8
*
H35.36
ICD-10 Finland
Macular cyst
28.3
6.3
8
*
L04AA01
ATC
[U] ciclosporin
28.3
6.3
8
*
CS2P4
NOMESCO Finland
Optic nerve head imaging
+∞
6.3
6
*
CHD15
NOMESCO Finland
Trabeculectomy and iridectomy
+∞
6.3
6
*
CKD65
NOMESCO Finland
Pars plana or pars plicata vitrectomy
10.8
6.2
11
11
H43.1
ICD-10 Finland
Vitreous haemorrhage
10.8
6.2
11
11
S01BC05
ATC
ketorolac; ophthalmic
7.9
6.1
13
18
M05BA04
ATC
alendronic acid; oral
4.2
6.0
17
45
LabWAS
↥OMOP Concept
People with measurements
Mean N measurements
Mean measured value
(ID) Name
N Cases
N Controls
OR
-log10(p)
cases
controls
cases
controls
unit
-log10(p)
N cases
N controls
21
56
4.32
7.45
3.5
2.0
40.14
41.97
u/l
0.19
21
49
89
669
2.20
3.72
19.4
10.6
3.96
4.14
e9/l
0.40
84
589
77
554
2.04
3.54
11.1
7.0
1.21
1.21
mmol/l
0.06
63
481
67
469
1.94
3.23
3.5
2.5
74.29
76.82
nmol/l
0.34
62
420
10
27
3.94
2.95
1.4
1.9
—
—
—
0
0
38
237
1.87
2.48
1.9
1.8
415.75
459.83
pmol/l
0.70
32
201
54
380
1.75
2.35
6.1
4.0
13.25
12.18
mg/mmol
0.05
40
246
77
605
1.73
2.21
5.3
4.1
88.39
0.00
estimate
0.48
18
136
9
30
3.15
2.19
1.3
1.2
—
—
—
0
0
6
14
4.45
2.18
1.5
1.4
—
—
—
0
0
5
10
5.16
2.09
1.8
1.3
—
—
—
0
0
6
15
4.15
2.06
1.2
1.1
—
—
—
0
0
76
606
1.67
1.97
5.7
4.1
0.00
0.00
estimate
-0.00
16
131
5
11
4.69
1.96
1.4
1.2
—
—
—
0
0
49
352
1.65
1.90
3.8
2.9
1049.69
1074.02
ng/l
0.02
40
291
62
473
1.63
1.89
4.4
3.9
0.00
0.00
estimate
-0.00
15
119
75
600
1.64
1.89
5.3
4.0
0.00
0.00
estimate
-0.00
18
135
7
23
3.16
1.83
3.1
2.6
19.70
16.70
%
—
7
23
7
24
3.03
1.75
1.1
1.6
—
—
—
0
0
5
14
3.67
1.63
1.4
3.4
12.60
23.74
nmol/l
—
5
14
29
189
1.70
1.59
1.8
1.6
1151.74
1250.02
nmol/l
0.26
23
140
5
15
3.43
1.54
1.0
1.7
—
—
—
0
0
6
22
2.81
1.45
3.2
1.7
—
—
—
0
0
94
822
1.61
1.41
5.0
4.4
15.17
14.85
pmol/l
0.61
86
752
8
34
2.44
1.32
1.1
1.2
—
—
—
0
0
8
39
2.12
1.17
1.1
1.3
—
—
—
0
0
45
349
1.46
1.15
5.5
4.1
0.00
0.00
estimate
-0.00
16
124
13
74
1.85
1.12
4.4
2.9
5.15
5.21
kpa
0.11
13
74
7
35
2.06
1.02
2.7
2.5
—
—
—
0
0
7
35
2.06
1.02
4.3
1.9
25.13
25.91
mmol/l
—
7
35
0
28
0.00
0.99
0.0
1.8
—
—
—
0
0
39
304
1.41
0.95
1.8
1.7
19.91
21.42
nmol/l
0.28
33
252
6
31
1.98
0.85
2.5
1.5
—
—
—
0
0
8
46
1.79
0.84
5.2
3.0
—
—
—
0
0
27
201
1.44
0.84
1.4
1.3
7.16
12.36
u/ml
—
8
78
13
82
1.65
0.82
3.5
2.5
51.50
70.13
ml/min/173m2
—
8
38
18
124
1.53
0.81
11.3
7.1
—
—
—
0
0
6
33
1.86
0.80
2.5
1.6
—
—
—
0
0
6
33
1.86
0.80
1.7
2.2
—
—
—
0
0
29
222
1.40
0.78
1.4
1.3
30.21
37.52
iu/ml
0.19
11
71
6
34
1.80
0.77
2.0
1.3
—
—
—
0
0
6
34
1.80
0.77
3.7
1.8
180.33
190.18
%
—
6
34
7
39
1.84
0.74
1.3
1.2
0.30
0.21
g/l
—
7
39
7
39
1.84
0.74
4.0
1.6
—
—
—
0
0
20
144
1.46
0.74
1.3
1.4
—
—
—
0
0
5
25
2.04
0.73
2.0
1.3
—
—
—
0
0
42
345
1.33
0.73
3.9
3.5
0.00
0.00
estimate
-0.00
15
113
9
57
1.62
0.73
2.0
1.8
—
—
—
0
0
7
40
1.79
0.72
1.3
1.2
1.44
1.15
g/l
—
7
40
5
26
1.96
0.71
4.6
1.3
—
—
—
0
0
5
29
1.75
0.64
1.6
1.5
—
—
—
0
0
84
905
0.77
0.60
32.4
20.3
329.29
333.06
g/l
3.06
84
905
106
1003
1.41
0.60
6.6
5.2
2.03
1.89
mu/l
0.57
96
922
18
133
1.41
0.59
9.8
5.6
1.06
1.05
mmol/l
0.10
18
125
11
73
1.56
0.58
3.2
3.4
4.76
4.51
pmol/l
0.45
11
63
6
36
1.70
0.57
4.2
1.7
—
—
—
0
0
16
117
1.42
0.55
3.4
3.4
—
—
—
0
0
30
244
1.30
0.55
1.9
1.8
1.04
1.69
mg/l
0.61
22
205
40
339
1.27
0.54
5.8
3.1
0.09
0.33
e6/l
2.08
34
238
114
1166
0.70
0.53
42.8
24.5
135.54
136.69
g/l
0.35
114
1160
52
456
1.24
0.52
2.6
2.0
94.57
95.34
pmol/l
0.04
33
239
33
274
1.28
0.52
5.2
4.0
1.02
1.02
kg/l
0.24
24
192
114
1165
0.71
0.52
43.6
24.8
40.17
40.59
%
0.28
114
1158
114
1165
0.71
0.52
42.3
24.3
91.29
91.04
fl
0.22
114
1159
114
1165
0.71
0.52
42.5
24.3
4.52
4.53
e12/l
0.10
114
1153
50
442
1.22
0.46
4.7
4.0
36.85
35.97
ng/l
0.03
42
307
72
661
1.22
0.45
3.5
3.1
—
—
—
0
0
8
58
1.41
0.42
3.6
1.3
—
—
—
0
0
16
124
1.33
0.41
2.3
2.0
—
—
—
0
0
29
340
0.81
0.41
3.6
4.7
20.20
21.73
%
0.39
15
178
5
35
1.45
0.40
1.0
1.3
—
—
—
0
0
114
1164
0.72
0.39
42.6
24.4
251.30
249.44
e9/l
0.11
114
1155
20
162
1.28
0.38
11.8
7.3
103.55
104.71
mmol/l
0.45
20
162
9
69
1.33
0.38
2.8
3.0
24.29
23.95
mmol/l
—
9
69
10
72
1.42
0.38
1.4
1.2
105.68
167.10
u/ml
—
5
25
22
181
1.26
0.38
2.7
2.0
—
—
—
0
0
6
41
1.49
0.36
1.3
1.3
—
—
—
0
0
34
296
1.21
0.36
1.5
1.4
0.61
1.73
u/ml
—
10
81
17
138
1.27
0.32
2.5
1.9
—
—
—
0
0
49
536
0.86
0.32
3.2
2.9
—
—
estimate
—
0
0
110
1067
1.29
0.32
6.9
6.0
2.54
2.72
mmol/l
1.30
105
996
7
52
1.37
0.32
2.1
2.1
—
—
—
0
0
43
387
1.17
0.31
2.3
2.5
54.58
67.99
u/l
0.61
36
361
80
756
1.17
0.30
4.1
3.3
62.11
49.28
u/l
0.54
73
715
50
457
1.16
0.30
2.2
1.9
1.45
1.35
mmol/l
0.35
41
370
13
103
1.29
0.29
2.2
1.3
—
—
—
0
0
20
234
0.83
0.28
2.2
1.5
—
—
—
0
0
111
1081
1.27
0.27
27.0
16.1
18.07
24.03
mg/l
1.83
98
885
11
86
1.31
0.27
2.5
1.4
—
—
—
0
0
108
1051
1.23
0.25
6.1
5.2
4.46
4.62
mmol/l
0.94
103
980
5
37
1.37
0.24
2.4
1.4
—
—
—
0
0
0
10
0.00
0.21
0.0
1.0
—
—
—
0
0
6
48
1.26
0.20
1.0
5.3
14.83
72.90
u/ml
—
6
48
107
1045
1.18
0.20
6.1
5.1
1.46
1.45
mmol/l
0.14
101
971
7
58
1.22
0.18
2.1
2.3
—
—
—
0
0
8
69
1.17
0.17
3.9
2.6
1.30
1.13
%
—
8
69
6
77
0.77
0.16
10.5
8.4
24.05
25.07
mmol/l
—
6
77
13
112
1.18
0.15
2.3
1.9
—
—
—
0
0
15
132
1.16
0.14
11.9
8.3
5.21
5.14
kpa
0.08
15
127
25
270
0.91
0.12
3.1
2.5
—
—
—
0
0
20
217
0.91
0.10
3.2
3.5
513.07
129.69
ng/l
0.39
15
161
111
1099
1.10
0.06
25.5
18.1
139.42
139.84
mmol/l
0.99
111
1081
113
1140
0.89
0.05
25.4
12.6
27.51
26.86
u/l
0.21
113
1111
12
130
0.91
0.05
8.3
4.7
26.86
32.83
%
—
7
81
111
1102
1.07
0.03
25.3
18.2
3.97
3.97
mmol/l
0.09
111
1082
14
132
1.07
0.02
2.6
1.9
—
—
—
0
0
102
1028
0.95
0.02
5.8
5.1
5.93
5.94
mmol/l
0.03
94
947
100
1003
0.98
0.00
5.2
4.4
1.31
1.31
mmol/l
0.04
92
928
42
416
1.01
0.00
5.0
5.5
1.52
2.77
ug/l
0.94
37
373
0
8
0.00
0.00
0.0
1.3
—
—
—
0
0
0
8
0.00
0.00
0.0
1.8
—
8.13
—
0
8
7
73
0.96
0.00
1.0
1.1
—
—
—
0
0
114
1139
1.01
-0.00
33.6
20.7
83.51
77.54
umol/l
0.69
114
1127
0
5
0.00
-0.00
0.0
12.8
—
—
—
0
0
0
5
0.00
-0.00
0.0
4.8
—
9.54
—
0
5
0
5
0.00
-0.00
0.0
1.4
—
—
—
0
0
0
5
0.00
-0.00
0.0
1.0
—
0.31
—
0
5
0
5
0.00
-0.00
0.0
1.2
—
—
—
0
0
9
94
0.95
-0.00
2.0
2.3
9.43
5.58
ug/l
—
9
84
5
49
1.02
-0.00
1.0
1.5
11.86
18.79
iu/l
—
5
37
0
5
0.00
-0.00
0.0
4.8
—
4.58
—
0
5
0
6
0.00
-0.00
0.0
5.3
—
199.83
—
0
6
0
6
0.00
-0.00
0.0
1.7
—
—
—
0
0
0
6
0.00
-0.00
0.0
1.3
—
—
—
0
0
0
6
0.00
-0.00
0.0
1.2
—
61.47
—
0
6
0
6
0.00
-0.00
0.0
1.2
—
—
—
0
0
Mortality – FinRegistry
↥Association
Association between endpoint H7_GLAUCSECDRUG and mortality.
Females
| Parameter | HR [95% CI] | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| H7_GLAUCSECDRUG | 1.913 [1.39, 2.64] | < 0.001 |
| Birth year | 0.994 [0.98, 1.0] | 0.14 |
During the follow-up period (1.1.1998 — 31.12.2019), 65 out of 267 females with H7_GLAUCSECDRUG died.
Males
| Parameter | HR [95% CI] | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| H7_GLAUCSECDRUG | 1.552 [1.14, 2.11] | 0.005 |
| Birth year | 0.988 [0.98, 1.0] | 0.018 |
During the follow-up period (1.1.1998 — 31.12.2019), 59 out of 245 males with H7_GLAUCSECDRUG died.
Mortality risk
Mortality risk for people of age
years, who have H7_GLAUCSECDRUG.| N-year risk | Females | Males |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0.161% | 0.328% |
| 5 | 1.124% | 1.904% |
| 10 | 2.803% | 4.702% |
| 15 | 5.382% | 8.75% |
| 20 | 9.14% | 14.514% |
Relationships between endpoints
↥Index endpoint: H7_GLAUCSECDRUG – Glaucoma secondary to drugs
GWS hits: -
Endpoint
Case Overlap
Survival Analysis
Genetic Correlations
Genetic Signals
N (Jaccard index)
HR [CI]
rg [CI]
Hits
Coloc Hits
FinRegistry
FinnGen
FinRegistry
FinnGen
FinnGen
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